Industrialization and Urbanization
Notebook Layout
Wednesday February 10: Introduction
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Assembly Line
Cottage Workers v Factory Industry
Cottage Workers- skilled artisans that build a manufactured good from start to finish, it takes a long time but the quality is great. The artisan is able to be paid as much as he can sell the product for.
Factory Industry: interchangeable parts allowed an assembly line to put together manufactured goods very quickly and produce a very high yield (amount). It is faster and cheaper to produce items this way and it allows American industries to keep up with the rapidly growing population. Wage earners make very little as this is a very low-skilled job.
Cottage Workers v Factory Industry
Cottage Workers- skilled artisans that build a manufactured good from start to finish, it takes a long time but the quality is great. The artisan is able to be paid as much as he can sell the product for.
Factory Industry: interchangeable parts allowed an assembly line to put together manufactured goods very quickly and produce a very high yield (amount). It is faster and cheaper to produce items this way and it allows American industries to keep up with the rapidly growing population. Wage earners make very little as this is a very low-skilled job.
The Erie Canal was a massive project undertaken by New York City Mayor and politician DeWitt Clinton. It was a huge feat for man to accomplish and it opened the Midwest to incoming immigrants, trade routes, and businesses.
Waterway Travel/Shipping Routes of mid-1800’s
Mississippi v Erie Canal
Mississippi v Erie Canal
Mississippi River- connected to several other rivers that stretch from the Rocky Mountains, to the Great Lakes, and to the Appalachian Mountains. This was the main waterway for people to travel and ship goods, however, before the invention of the steamboat the only way one could travel on the Mississippi was downstream (one-way to the Gulf of Mexico).
By building the Erie Canal, NY set its destiny as a major industrial city and surpassed New Orleans as to become the largest port city. By analyzing the map, how might you prove this?
Erie Canal- connected New York City and the Atlantic Ocean, to the Great Lakes, and eventually reaching the Mississippi River (which as you just read, connected to the Rocky Mountains and the Gulf of Mexico). This was the main waterway for people to travel and ship goods to the Midwest. This caused more people to move midwest as new towns and businesses sprang up along the canal and the Great Lakes.
Erie Canal- connected New York City and the Atlantic Ocean, to the Great Lakes, and eventually reaching the Mississippi River (which as you just read, connected to the Rocky Mountains and the Gulf of Mexico). This was the main waterway for people to travel and ship goods to the Midwest. This caused more people to move midwest as new towns and businesses sprang up along the canal and the Great Lakes.
Cotton Gin and the Mechanized Reaper
Cotton Gin: This machine revolutionized America as it was the first machine to separate the seeds from cotton. Before the invention, the seeds of cotton had to be removed by hand before the cotton could be spun into string to make fabrics. The cotton gin sped up the process and allowed more cotton to be sent to factories for manufacturing textiles. Factories were requiring a higher demand of cotton to meet the demand of more and more immigrants coming into America. The Cotton Gin made this possible.
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Mechanized Reaper: This revolutionized America as it sped up the process of how quickly harvests could be cut and collected. These machines would eventually become used with John Deere tractors. The mechanized reaper would make it easier to cut and collect crops like wheat and cotton. This machine was vital to supplying large amounts of cotton to Northeastern factories.
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Steam Engine
Watch a video at:
http://www.history.com/topics/industrial-revolution/videos/steam-engine-drives-transportation-revolution
How did the Steam engine change America?
Watch a video at:
http://www.history.com/topics/industrial-revolution/videos/steam-engine-drives-transportation-revolution
How did the Steam engine change America?
Steam powered machines: This simple machines helped revolutionize America as they increased factory production by being able to rapidly produce parts used for assembly lines. The machine worked by being able to punch metal stamps, press objects, turn wheels, or pump liquids. With the creation of steam powered machines, standards were developed to ensure that parts could be interchangeable. [For instance, (if it were true in today’s electronics world!) an iPhone cable, Samsung Galaxy cable, and a Droid cable would ALL be compatible (meaning it would work for all phones- interchangeable)] In the mid-1800’s, interchangeable parts were focused around things (like steel beams, bolts, screws) that could be used to build bigger things (think what it would take to build a train, railroad, a steam engine, or other machine).
Steam Locomotive: Steam was used to power the first locomotives to cross the Transcontinental Railroad. This revolutionized America as it made traveling long distances more efficient, (faster and cheaper), than traveling by horse or by foot. The efficiency of the steam locomotive led many Americans and American goods to be able to travel from coast to coast. This helped spread and increase the population of major cities and increased American trading as well.
Steamboat: The steamboat revolutionized travel as it was the first motor-controlled boat. It allowed, for the first time, boats to travel upstream. Until this invention boats were only capable of flowing downstream with the current of a river or in the direction of the wind blowing (if on the ocean or a lake). This helped increase American trade as goods were able to go up and down rivers. Further more, this allowed more people to travel and move to new towns and cities next to waterways.
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Telegraph
Video:
http://www.history.com/topics/inventions/telegraph
Video:
http://www.history.com/topics/inventions/telegraph
The telegraph allowed people to instantly communicate from point A to point B. This could span from coast to coast, or city to city. It was the very first telecommunication and it revolutionized America by allowing people to send messages. The telegraph worked by sending an electrical signal of Morse Code (the name of the inventor of the telegraph and code system) across wires to a receiving location in which the message would have to be translated. In a matter of decades after their creation, electrical telegraph networks permitted people and commerce to transmit messages across both continents and oceans almost instantly, with widespread social and economic impacts.